If a mill town pump station has 2 pumps each delivering 300 gallons per minute, what is the velocity of the forcemain when 1 pump is operating?

To determine the velocity of the forcemain when one pump is operating, it's important to first understand how flow rate and velocity are related. The flow rate can be calculated using the formula:

[ \text{Flow Rate} = \text{Velocity} \times \text{Cross-sectional Area} ]

In this case, when one pump is operating, it delivers 300 gallons per minute (GPM). To convert this flow rate into cubic feet per second (CFS), which is a common unit for measuring flow in wastewater systems, you can use the conversion factors:

1 gallon = 0.133681 cubic feet, and there are 60 seconds in a minute. Therefore, the conversion would look like this:

[ 300 , \text{GPM} \times 0.133681 , \text{Cubic Feet/Gallon} \times \frac{1 , \text{Minute}}{60 , \text{Seconds}} ]

Calculating this gives:

[ 300 \times 0.133681 = 40.1043 , \text{Cubic Feet per Minute} ]

Next, converting this to cubic feet per second involves dividing by 60:

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