What does the removal of nitrogen from wastewater prevent?

The removal of nitrogen from wastewater is crucial primarily to prevent eutrophication of water bodies. Eutrophication is a process that occurs when nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, enter aquatic ecosystems in excessive amounts. This can lead to the overgrowth of algae, known as algal blooms. These blooms can deplete oxygen in the water, harm aquatic life, and create dead zones where few organisms can survive.

By removing nitrogen effectively from wastewater before it is discharged into surrounding water bodies, wastewater treatment plants help maintain balanced nutrient levels in the environment, thus preventing the negative impacts of eutrophication. This is especially important for protecting the health of ecosystems, ensuring the quality of surface waters, and supporting biodiversity.

While nitrogen removal can influence other factors such as odor issues or overall treatment efficiency, its primary significance lies in mitigating eutrophication and preserving water quality.